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The main of Boccaccio's works are in the intellectual history of World evident, as the Divina Commedia, the Canzoniere and the Decameron as milestones of the human spirit are evident. Dante redeemed the architectural sense of ecumenical world powers from torpor to the scholastic embossed image of the medieval world building. At the age of two vaginal he took his new glow with the divine suitability of loyalty and individual freedom. Dante synthesis lives, but only in the fabric of Christianity, his humanism remains unfulfilled. For Petrarca, the ancient is sovereign besides Christianity. He discovered the same old story, and the new personality, the way he went from the medieval spell in the humanist education. Boccaccio unbiased is the discoverer of the sensual world; he stressed the entire wealth of mankind in the earthly realm of art. Early in the morning he created the Renaissance its largest and most cheerful seal.
The title Decameron gives the skeleton of the work he
is from Greek "deka" (ten) and “hemera” (day) formed and thus
means "Ten days work" -- in analogy to the "Hexameron",
which means the six day work of Ambrose. To outline his secular Novell of
Boccaccio's book uses the old sacred number ten. It was through the sky ptolemäilism-Christian
system survived by Bonaventura as a "numerus perfectissimus", and
belongs to the numerical symbolism in Dante's Commedia. Triple serves tabulating
the fabric: 10 days of 10 novels, the 10 gates Novella spoken. Even this
figures-parallelism is overcome. United and not coincidentally Boccaccio 7 women
and 3 men to the cheerful Brigata: those ciphers belong equally to the
traditional symbols, which also serves to Dante. And there is a Divine Comedy,
100 songs; it shall Boccaccio Human his comedy in the context of the 100 novels,
as has been before him Cento novelle antiche.
But Dante has its roots in the medieval worldview and
serves on its glorification. Boccaccio For it is against a welcome means of the
design and the beautiful red, in the service of his secular lifestyle, and its
autonomous art will. This
need for formal balance and proportion may also clear as a sign of the
renaissance man explained, whose vision and humanistic sense antique-trained.
The
internal symmetry of the factory building is through the introduction of young
Brigata. At each of the 10 days they elect from among its members a queen or a
king, every once this post. The so she appointed arbiter of the issue of 10
novels a day.
Every
day, the theme of the day from all Novella modified engines, each plays with his
narration a free variation on the theme given sentence. On the theme day the
makes the musical compositions. They also always with an idyllic initiation and
ending with a Canzone, with singing and dancing. The actual and symbolic
background but is the plague. Truly bottomless tears they unimagined dimensions
of the soul and durchzittert demonic nor the sensual pleasures of the stories. That
with corpses seeded paintings paints of Boccaccio at the entrance of the First
day with harrowing realism. Against
this great dying characterized the whole colourful world of one hundred novels.
Everything
devastating moves since the Black Death of 1346 China on the sea routes to India
and caravan roads to the west. Many countries overcome eradicated the scourge,
and large parts of those nations. 1347 ravaged by the disease on the islands of
Mediterranean Sea. In Italy, Spain and France they are widespread in the year
1348, then in England, Germany and the Nordic rich.
Spells
disaster occurred both before and severe flooding, massive earthquakes,
never-seen comet phenomena, as there was blood and rain. Here and now, could not
effectively lighted as Boccaccio it did, by putting them in the face have
terrible announced. In the recent spell catastrophes minds would have been ready
to repent, to flee to the other side, but Boccaccio is a despiser of the world
and portrays departure with childlike explorer Jubilee this our earth, that our
life in its ups and downs.
At the same time, the fever causes the climate of relaxed morality and the sense liberated. Each mass disaster - whether it is a war or a natural disaster - replaces the previously obvious standards, it is legal, moral and religious ties, the instincts are unleashed to unbridled orgies all Delight. Death and lust live closely together. And so even misery and vice. "Be happy life" is the motto of those slightly, the stranglehold of death escaped. Pestilential also explains the bright, blatantly displayed sexuality often to be deprecated love novels. Declared they also exbionism message of joy Novella gates. Boccaccio has their erotic Repel only the word shoot, not in any sex activity among themselves. Again, this is a sign of concentrating on the novels. Four centuries later,
Goethe's political introduction to the entertainment of German emigrants, "founded on Boccaccio, the same purposes he creates the first artistic narrative framework in the German language. She came from the Orient; Boccaccio has them in the form of social entertainment invented in the first experiments in Filocolo and Ameto masterly handled in the Decameron. This was our earth for the renaissance of the centre of life. Sun also believes Boccaccio, her predecessor and this side of the Earth, without, however, to deny the Hereafter. Did nor Dante write for God's sake, it is pushing Boccaccio only the creative desire and often-playful wantonness. He is not about ideas or systems, but about the sensual life perceptible in the world, but its primary middle, the people. From him and for him, he writes. The man Species varied forms, documents and slopes, impetus and lower courses is the poetic allegation Decameron. Everything is surrounding prop and scenery.
Of Boccaccio’s figure panorama is hardly containable effects. No other poet between Dante and Shakespeare created so many characters, so many situations, and so many transactions. This act, enjoying, triumph and suffer characters and types from all social and psychological layers: men and women, monks, nuns and priests, merchants and craftsmen, kings, noblemen and citizens, scholars and dignitaries, farmers and artists, pirates and potentates. In this realm of hundred human forms but we encounter high sense of great men and women of purer soul next to the of society and rabble. This is but one of intention and nature of the amendment, as Boccaccio as a distinct art form: the entertainment needs can be satisfied by the short, mostly amazing story, which is refined into conversation with the spirit and grace contends:
lover and seducer, adulteresses and prepare girls besides loyal lovers. Fiammetta and the vast majority of women and Boccaccio's other sex. And he also takes its intellectual liberation: Who spirit and wit and minds at home and they - sly or honest - good, it is among women as well as a favourite among the men. As he dethroned the unattainable lover, he disdains the image of woman as pure housewife, in contrast to Dante he is not satisfied with it "a studio della culla" (cradle). His intimate knowledge of the woman and the whole scale amorous districts like dowry and turn provided a common destiny: the blood Italy-France mix and an equally sophisticated as suffer-rich love school, especially Naples.
in about 70 of the 100 novels Eros is the emotional element, regardless of the other one, in which he served as undertone mitschwingt . eternal They depict scenes of human love: temptations and Beseligungen, erlistete favor (Minutolo and Catella) and adulteries (Lydia under the pear tree) - situations of illicit pleasures ever. remain, in particular, the clerics and nuns not spared the clearest Examples include advance: The pants of a priest in the abbess, and also Mrs. Gemmata as Stute.
Each
amouröse event is to discuss the details with closely serious
monitored and refined art design. Soon vividly bright, transparent soon
impressionistic strokes sometimes go to the Mitteilbaren limits of the writing,
and here and there close to the threshold of obscenity. But high art is
sacred any substance to which they are ignited. Boccaccio's horney,
vibrierendste interior of the secret to mate stand out far from zweckvollem
titillation, for example, the second , cynical and zotigen part of the
French novel de la Rose by Jean de Meung. Boccaccio which is also far away such
as the rococo Erotiker Boucher, Fragonard and Gravelot with their sensuellen
grace of the rasp Nuditäten pornographic titillation or, as Mozart's Don
Giovanni a great womanizer.
Ironically
it was high owned, which means the ability to celebrations in the game dissolved
and the relativity of all ties to be. And the same sense of humour: he resolves
any tragic situation on the endless game of the movement. Both are the -
conscious or unconscious - knowledge based on the apparent contradiction between
meaning and value of the individual and his nonsense and not value before the
borders lots. The humour and irony borne novellas form the majority (about
two-thirds). It would confuse cause and effect, Writing these substances to the
fact. Boccaccio took to the substances but because he lives by them express
feelings.
But
if it is with priests, nuns and monks driving his joke, laughs at the boobies,
over- boobies derided, which satirizes hypocrisy, as the lead Boccaccio not
moral, but the intellectual drives. Here he tousles in particular the clerics.
Hypocrisy, greed and vanity offer him everywhere substance to ridicule and
satire. Boccaccio did not know why he is the representative of any state should
omit.
For
Boccaccio was unmysterious faith, the Church of a human institution, arguably
the religion like any other issue, the Herald of religious people among people.
And he is just disrespectful, neither enemy nor defender of the faith. But as
carriers of courtesy and humanity he never fails to respect the values,
self-respect doers, not even religion. This testifies to the exteriority example,
that on both Fridays, the Sabbath and Sunday novellas not be explained, in
honour of Christ and the Virgin, Mother of the Son of God.
Each Idealistic moral or religious nature is alien to him. He is to the how, not the what. His idea is the aesthetic world devoted to the liking of the intellectual origin. He inspired the morning of the joy in abundance, in the diversity of life. His poetic impulse is undiminished no ideology adjusted his views.
And yet, his lifestyle, his human hadn't been not moral ideal for him most expensive and chivalrous. It occurs counts of us in Antwerp forward, or in Federigo degli Alberighi, Gentile de 'Carisendi, King Karl, or in the large Ghismonda women and the wife of Roussillon. How faithfully he counterfeit as incorruptible and true, expresses the proportion of the individual themes in the total of 100 novels. The reciprocal relationship between the passions of the human types and properties, the dominant powers and addictions is valid and correct for all times and all countries. No culture, no "progress", no religion increased the eternal human and all too human.
The love as moving of the world
takes the first place. Carry-loss Boccaccio looks at the world. No other poets
before Shakespeare has more instinct for the life, more immediacy of observation,
greater security of representation. Between Dante and Shakespeare, Cervantes,
Lope de Vega was no other language in its breadth and sovereign grips with so
powerful.
Rich
is his palette. It changes tone and pace, depending on the topic. Long and
solemn cadences in the tragic stories salary, but agile and short in the comic.
Well melodious is its period architecture and built symmetrically balanced, it
is addressed to the Latin classics trained and partly to Plautus, partly to
Cicero and Livy and change. The rhythm of his sentences is an aesthetic Genus
for the senses. The Decameron should be read loud, we wanted his linguistic
beauty inside entirely.
Is the strongest Boccaccio's poetic potency, where he was the storms of passion describes the ways of hot desire, temptation and sweet devotion, the sages of fervent desire, the weaknesses and contradictions that cunning and idiots of people. This means that most of his novels cheerful artistically far beyond the other groups. Their juiciness, and rendered bursting persons sensual pleasure, we find later, albeit in a different world, with Dutch painters of the 17th Century, Adriaen Brouwer, David Teniers and in the wake of the Frans Hals. Some of the novels subdued with the dreamy backgrounds to remember sometimes Giorgi Ones mourning. The painting of the own time - in advance Giotto (1266-1337) - indeed shares little with Boccaccio. It moves to be sure itself the first starts of dramatic action, psychological narrative justification and scanning. But what started here picturesquely has Boccaccio literary completed simultaneously. His life earned feeling that painting; it is still completely on prayer, solemnity, sacred service. And just Giotto spirit lives in Florence throughout the Trecento in the Giottesken school.
We drive to the entrance of this consideration, we
express to Boccaccio's said and literature historical importance. He stressed
the novelistic from vulgar-area to the level of an art form. Conti was the
forerunner d'antichi Cavalieri and the Novel Lino. As a linguistic work, the
Decameron the basis of Italian prose. In the broader sense it fertilized the
literature of the world. Outside Italy, we continue to work, for example,
Chaucer, in Heptameron of Marguerite de Navarre and Cervantes. The series can
track up to the more recent masters of story-telling, Balzac, Dickens, Flaubert,
fountain, CF Meyer, Gottfried Keller, Guy de Maupassant.
As a resource serving did the Decameorn, for example, the Baroque theatre (Shakespeare). In Germany, Hans Sachs used for drama and carnival games motives fact, we find it also in the "Zechsingen" Meistersinger and at the end of the 16th century when Jacob Ayrer.
In art and culture was Boccaccio with his burlesque, wavering and antics and the rebirth of the ancient comedy of the current era for two centuries ahead, as the master of all comedy writers.
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